Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a branch of machine learning in which an agent learns to make decisions by interacting with an environment. Instead of relying on labeled data, the agent explores possible actions and receives feedback in the form of...

Regression is a statistical and machine learning technique used to understand the relationship between a target variable and one or more independent variables. By fitting a function—often a line or a curve—to data points, regression allows us to predict continuous...

A Red Team is a group or methodology designed to rigorously test the security, effectiveness, and resilience of an organization’s systems, strategies, and operations. By adopting an adversarial perspective, the Red Team simulates realistic attacks or challenges, exposing vulnerabilities and...

Rectified Flow is a generative modeling technique aimed at improving how probability distributions are learned and represented. Building upon concepts from diffusion-based and score-based generative models, it employs a framework that “rectifies” or corrects the flow of probability density across...

RAGAS (Retrieval-Augmented Generation Assessment) is a framework and methodology for evaluating and assessing Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems. While RAG focuses on integrating external knowledge sources to produce more informed and accurate responses, RAGAS takes it a step further by offering...

RAG (Retrieval Augmented Generation) is a technique that enhances generative AI models—such as large language models—by integrating external, domain-specific knowledge sources into the generation process. Rather than relying solely on patterns learned from pre-training, RAG dynamically fetches relevant information from...

PyTorch is an open-source deep learning framework developed by Meta (formerly Facebook) AI Research. It is known for its ease of use, flexible computational graphs, and strong community support, making it a popular choice among researchers and developers for building...

Prompt Injection is a cybersecurity attack technique in which maliciously crafted inputs manipulate AI models—particularly Large Language Models (LLMs)—to produce harmful, misleading, or confidential outputs. By cleverly altering context or slipping in hidden commands, attackers can bypass content filters, reveal...

Prompt Engineering is the strategic design and refinement of input prompts given to large language models (LLMs) or other generative AI systems. By carefully specifying context, constraints, and desired output formats, prompt engineering enables users to guide these models to...